Imibhobho engenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu ziintlobo zemibhobho kunye neetyhubhu ezenziwe ngaphandle kwe-welding seam. Zenziwe ngokugqobhoza i-billet eqinileyo yentsimbi okanye ezinye izinto zokwenza i-cylindrical shape engenanto. Ukungabikho komthungo we-welding kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanywa amandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa okungcono kwe-corrosion, kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo.

IKhomishini yaseYurophu iqalise uphando oluchasene nokulahla (AD) malunga nokungeniswa kwemibhobho ethile engenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu ezivela eChina. Esi senzo silandela isikhalazo saseYurophuUmbhobho wentsimbiI-Association (ESTA) nge-2 ka-Epreli 2024, ebanga ukuba ukunyuka kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kuyingozi kwishishini le-EU.

Uphando lokulahla kunye nokulimala luya kugubungela ixesha elisusela ku-Epreli 1, 2023, ukuya kwi-31 kaMatshi 2024. Imveliso ephantsi kolu phando yimibhobho ethile engenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu zentsimbi okanye isinyithi, kubandakanywa neetyhubhu ezichanekileyo zesetyhula-icandelo lomnqamlezo wangaphandle. Idayamitha engadlulanga kuma-406.4 mm ngexabiso leCarbon Equivalent Value (CEV) elingagqithiyo kwi-0,86 ngokwe-International Institute of Welding (IIW) ifomula kunye nohlalutyo lweekhemikhali.

Iimveliso eziphantsi kophando ziwela phantsi kweekhowudi ze-TARIC 7304191020, 7304193020, 7304230020, 7304291020, 7304293020, 7304312030, 7304318030, 730, 7304318030, 730 7304398230, 7304398320, 7304518930, 7304598230 kunye 7304598320.

umbhobho ongenamthungo

Imibhobho engenamthungokunye neetyhubhu zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumashishini afana neoli kunye negesi, i-petrochemical, ukuveliswa kwamandla, kunye neemoto. Ziyafaneleka kwizicelo apho uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, okanye iindawo ezinobungozi zibandakanyekayo.

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwemibhobho engenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa ukulungiswa kwebillet, ukubhoboza, ukunweba kunye nokugqiba. Ubume obungenamthungo bale mibhobho kunye neetyhubhu buvumela ukuhamba okugudileyo nokuqhubekayo kwamanzi okanye iigesi, okuzenza zibe zilungele ukuthutha ulwelo kunye neegesi kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

Imibhobho engenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu ziza kuluhlu olubanzi lobukhulu, iidayamitha, kunye nobukhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo. Zingenziwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-carbon steel, insimbi engenasici, i-alloy steel, kunye nesinyithi esingenawo i-ferrous.

Ngokubanzi, iipayipi ezingenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu ziyaziwa ngamandla abo aphezulu, ukuqina, kunye nokuthembeka, okwenza kube yinto ethandwayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo afuna iinkqubo eziphezulu zokusebenza kwemibhobho.

Umbhobho wentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo ngumcu omde wentsimbi kunye necandelwana elinqamlezileyo kwaye akukho zithungo zijikelezileyo. Yenziwe ngentsimbi yekhabhoni ekumgangatho ophezulu kwaye iye yacocwa ukuze ibe neempawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye nezakhiwo ze-welding.

Izinto eziphathekayo zombhobho we-carbon steel ongenamthungo zibalaseleyo. Izinto ze-Q345B zinamandla okuvelisa okuphezulu kunye namandla okuqina, ezinokuhlangabezana namandla ahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokuqina okuphezulu.

Kwangaxeshanye, imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo iye yafumana unyango olukhethekileyo lokuchasana nokugqwala kwaye inokumelana nokugqwala, kwaye inokugcina ukusebenza kwayo okuhle ixesha elide kwimithombo yeendaba eyingozi efana ne-acids, alkalis, kunye neetyuwa.

Ikhabhoni engenamthungointsimbiimibhobho inentsebenzo ebalaseleyo ye-welding kwaye inokudityaniswa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-welding, ezifana ne-argon arc welding, i-CO2 yegesi ekhuselekileyo ye-welding, njl.

Imimandla yesicelo sayo ibanzi, kuquka i-petroleum, imboni yeekhemikhali, amandla ombane, ukwakhiwa kunye nezinye iindawo.

Kwishishini lepetroleum, imibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo isetyenziselwa ukuthutha ioli, igesi kunye neminye imithombo yeendaba;

kwishishini lekhemikhali, zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iinqanawa ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo, iinkqubo zemibhobho, njl.;

kwintsimi yamandla ombane, zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhoyili, iitshimini, njl.;

kwintsimi yokwakha, Isetyenziselwa unikezelo lwamanzi, amanzi, ukufudumeza kunye nezinye iinkqubo zezakhiwo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo zombhobho wentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo?

Njengezinto ezibalulekileyo zobunjineli, umbhobho ongenamthungo okanye imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi. Iimpawu zayo eziphathekayo zibalaseleyo kwaye zibonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.

1. Iimpawu ezigqwesileyo zoomatshini

Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo okanye ityhubhu yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo ineepropathi ezigqwesileyo zoomatshini, ikakhulu ngenxa yezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu wekhabhoni ezizisebenzisayo. Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo ibonisa ukunwebeka okulungileyo kunye neplastiki xa iphantsi kwamandla angaphandle afana noxinzelelo, ukugoba, kunye neempembelelo, kwaye inokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli ezinzima.

2. Amandla aphezulu okuqina

Umbhobho ongenamthungo okanye imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo inamandla aphezulu kwaye inokumelana namandla amakhulu okutsala. Olu phawu oluphezulu luvumela iibhobho zensimbi ze-carbon ezingenamthungo ukugcina ukusebenza okuzinzile phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweprojekthi.

3. Ukumelana nokugqwesa okulungileyo

Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo iye yafumana unyango olukhethekileyo lokuchasa umhlwa kwaye inokumelana nokudumba okungcono. Kwimithombo yeendaba ebolileyo efana ne-acids, alkalis, kunye neetyuwa, imibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo inokugcina ukusebenza kwayo kakuhle ixesha elide kwaye yandise ubomi babo benkonzo. Olu phawu lwenza imibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo ibe nethemba elibanzi lesicelo kushishino lweekhemikhali, i-petroleum kunye nezinye iindawo.

4. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding

Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo inomsebenzi obalaseleyo we-welding kwaye inokudityaniswa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda. Oku kwenza ukufakela kunye nokugcinwa kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo ibe lula kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusebenza kwewelding egqwesileyo ikwaqinisekisa umgangatho kunye namandla eweld kwaye iphucula ukuthembeka kweprojekthi iyonke.

5. Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo

Iimpawu ezigqwesileyo zemibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo yenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Ingaba kumacandelo epetroleum, imboni yeekhemikhali, amandla ombane okanye ukwakhiwa, imibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo inokunika umdlalo opheleleyo kwiinzuzo zabo ezizodwa kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zeeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo ezinzima.

6. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli

Iibhobho zentsimbi zekhabhoni ezingenamthungo zenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iintsimbi ezinemixholo yekhabhoni eyahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa. Le yantlukwano ivumela imibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo ukuba ihambelane neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zobunjineli, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi.

7. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokusebenza

Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bemveliso kunye nezixhobo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokulungiswa kwemveliso. Oku kwenza ukufakela kunye nokudityaniswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo ibe lula kwaye iphucula umgangatho weprojekthi.

8. Ixabiso elifanelekileyo

Nangona imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo kunye neenzuzo ezahlukeneyo, amaxabiso azo anengqiqo, evumela abathengi ukuba balawule iindleko ngelixa besonwabela iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Le nzuzo yexabiso yenza imibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo ikhuphisane kakhulu kwimarike.